Monitoring autophagic flux is necessary for most autophagy studies. The autophagic flux
assays currently available for mammalian cells are generally complicated and do not yield …

Autophagy dysregulation is commonplace in the pathogenesis of several invalidating
diseases, such as musculoskeletal diseases. Polyamines, as spermidine and spermine, are …

Failures in mitophagy, a process by which damaged mitochondria are cleared, results in
neurodegeneration, while enhancing mitophagy promotes the survival of dopaminergic …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the pathological accumulation of α-synuclein
(α-syn) and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Aging is a significant risk …

Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), although yet-to-be fully understood, increases the risk and
lowers the age of onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is the major cause of dementia …

Autophagy is a major catabolic degradation and recycling process that maintains
homeostasis in cells and is especially important in postmitotic neurons. We implemented a …

Stem cell therapy for retinal degenerative diseases has been extensively tested in
preclinical and clinical studies. However, preclinical studies performed in animal models at …

Macroautophagy/autophagy is essential for preserving cellular homeostasis by recycling
nutrients and removing spoiled or aged proteins and organelles. It also has an essential role …

Caspase-2 is a unique and conserved cysteine protease that is involved in several cellular
processes, including different forms of cell death, maintenance of genomic stability, and the …

Pin1-directed prolyl isomerization is a central common oncogenic mechanism to drive
tumorigenic processes. However, the role of Pin1 in cellular autophagy is still poorly …