The clinical use of anthracyclines like doxorubicin and daunorubicin can be viewed as a sort
of double-edged sword. On the one hand, anthracyclines play an undisputed key role in the …

Learning Objectives Contrast the current strengths and limitations of the three main slide-
based techniques (IHC, FISH, and CISH) currently in clinical use for testing breast cancer …

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on neuregulins (NRGs) that are the signaling
proteins that mediate cell–cell interactions in the nervous system, heart, breast, and other …

Abstract Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Define
the historical background and biological basis of the discovery of the HER-2/neu gene and …

Endothelial cells are, by number, one of the most abundant cell types in the heart and active
players in cardiac physiology and pathology. Coronary angiogenesis plays a vital role in …

Abstract Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader will be able to:
Differentiate between the actions of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in the …

The HER-2/neu oncogene, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor or erb gene
family, encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that has been linked to prognosis …

Trastuzumab (Herceptin®) is a humanised monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of
breast cancer that overexpresses human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which …

Heart failure is a clinical syndrome that normally requires health care to be provided by both
specialists and nonspecialists. This is advantageous because patients benefit from …

Vaccines have shown significant promise in eliciting protective and therapeutic responses.
However, most effective vaccines require several booster shots, and it is challenging to …