Cellular responses to environmental cues involve the mobilization of GTPases, protein
kinases and phosphoprotein phosphatases. The spatial organization of these signalling …

Signal transduction can be defined as the coordinated relay of messages derived from
extracellular cues to intracellular effectors. More simply put, information received on the cell …

Hormones can transmit signals through adenosine 3ʹ, 5ʹ-monophosphate (cAMP) to
precise intracellular locations. The fidelity of these responses relies on the activation of …

Regulatory enzymes often have different roles in distinct subcellular compartments. Yet,
most drugs indiscriminately saturate the cell. Thus, subcellular drug-delivery holds promise …

Neuronal Kv7 channels underlie a voltage-gated non-inactivating potassium current known
as the M-current. Due to its particular characteristics, Kv7 channels show pronounced …

This review addresses the localized regulation of voltage-gated ion channels by
phosphorylation. Comprehensive data on channel regulation by associated protein kinases …

Neuronal L-type calcium channels contribute to dendritic excitability and activity-dependent
changes in gene expression that influence synaptic strength. Phosphorylation-mediated …

The formation of multiprotein complexes is a repeated theme in biology ranging from the
regulation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and cAMP signaling pathways to the …

Experience-dependent learning and memory require multiple forms of plasticity at
hippocampal and cortical synapses that are regulated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors …

Second messenger responses rely on where and when the enzymes that propagate these
signals become active. Spatial and temporal organization of certain signaling enzymes is …