The adaptive immune system (AIS) in mammals, which is centred on lymphocytes bearing
antigen receptors that are generated by somatic recombination, arose approximately 500 …

Phylogenetic analyses indicate that viviparity (live‐bearing reproduction) has originated
independently in more than 150 vertebrate lineages, including a minimum of 115 clades of …

Take your knowledge of fishes to the next level Fishes of the World, Fifth Edition is the only
modern, phylogenetically based classification of the world's fishes. The updated text offers …

Computer-aided visualization and analysis of fossils has revolutionized the study of extinct
organisms. Novel techniques allow fossils to be characterized in three dimensions and in …

Professor Jenny Clack in the University of Cambridge Museum of Zoology, 2012.
Photograph Maja Daniels. fossil-hunting expeditions there in 1987, along with her husband …

Asexuality can be defined as an enduring lack of sexual attraction. Thus, asexual individuals
do not find (and perhaps never have) others sexually appealing. Some consider" asexuality" …

Fossils of early gnathostomes (or jawed vertebrates) have been the focus of study for nearly
two centuries. They yield key clues about the evolutionary assembly of the group's common …

Chondrichthyan fishes are probably the most successful of all fishes if success is measured
in terms of historical endurance. Indeed, they have survived the mass extinctions of the last …

The recent developments of phase-contrast synchrotron imaging techniques have been of
great interest for paleontologists, providing three-dimensional (3D) tomographic images of …

The discovery of Entelognathus revealed the presence of maxilla, premaxilla, and dentary,
supposedly diagnostic osteichthyan bones, in a Silurian placoderm. However, the …