This paper reviews key properties and major unsolved problems about Strong Thermal
Emission Velocity Enhancement (STEVE) and the picket fence. We first introduce the basic …

Optical structures located equatorward of the main auroral oval often exhibit different
morphologies and dynamics than structures at higher latitudes. In some cases, questions …

We present the first observations of ionospheric phenomena using the newly deployed
Transition Region Explorer (TREx) Spectrograph. On the night of 10 April 2018, STEVE …

We present three STEVE (strong thermal emission velocity enhancement) events in
conjunction with Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions (THEMIS) in the …

We report on a novel scenario of subauroral arcs within strong subauroral ion drifts (SAID)‐
STEVE and Picket Fence. Their explanation requires a local source of low‐energy, ε< 18.75 …

During the 17 March 2015 geomagnetic storm, citizen scientist observations from Dunedin
(45.95° S, 170.32° E), New Zealand, revealed a bright wide red arc known as stable auroral …

We present a unified approach to subauroral arcs within intense subauroral ion drifts (SAID),
which explains the observed transition of a precursor Stable Auroral Red (SAR) arc into …

In this study, we present an analysis of the spectral transition of a Stable Auroral Red (SAR)
arc to Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement (STEVE) emission observed by the …

Results from a study of automatic aurora classification using machine learning techniques
are presented. The aurora is the manifestation of physical phenomena in the ionosphere …

Little is currently known about the optical phenomenon known as Steve. The first scientific
publication on the subject suggests that Steve is associated with an intense subauroral ion …