The cold interstellar medium (ISM) plays a central role in the galaxy evolution process. It is
the reservoir that fuels galaxy growth via star formation, the repository of material formed by …

Planets form and obtain their compositions in disks of gas and dust around young stars. The
chemical compositions of these planet-forming disks regulate all aspects of planetary …

Unidentified infrared emission bands are ubiquitous in many astronomical sources. These
bands are widely, if not unanimously, attributed to collective emissions from polycyclic …

Planets form and obtain their compositions in dust-and gas-rich disks around young stars,
and the outcome of this process is intimately linked to the disk chemical properties. The …

Spectroscopic techniques can probe molecular systems non-invasively and investigate their
structure, properties and dynamics in different environments and physico-chemical …

Context. Water is a key molecule in the physics and chemistry of star and planet formation,
but it is difficult to observe from Earth. The Herschel Space Observatory provided …

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have long been invoked in the study of interstellar
and protostellar sources, but the unambiguous identification of any individual PAH has …

To date, 241 individual molecular species, composed of 19 different elements, have been
detected in the interstellar and circumstellar medium by astronomical observations. These …

Much like six-membered rings, five-membered rings are ubiquitous in organic chemistry,
frequently serving as the building blocks for larger molecules, including many of biochemical …

Cell membranes are a key element of life because they keep the genetic material and
metabolic machinery together. All present cell membranes are made of phospholipids, yet …