Syncope which occurs suddenly in the setting of recovery from exercise, known as post-
exercise syncope, represents a failure of integrative physiology during recovery from …

THE IMPORTANCE of the baroreceptor reflex is to stabilize perfusion pressure in the face of
disturbances of circulatory homeostasis. This is achieved by a number of neuronal (8, 29 …

Hemorrhage initially triggers a rise in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) that maintains blood
pressure (BP); however, SNA is suppressed following severe blood loss causing …

We have demonstrated that stimulation of somatic afferents during electroacupuncture (EA)
inhibits sympathoexcitatory cardiovascular rostral ventrolateral medulla (rVLM) neurons and …

Microglia, commonly known as the tissue resident macrophages of the central nervous
system (CNS), are ubiquitously expressed in the CNS. Microglia, in their resting, or …

Double-label fluoresence immunohistochemistry was performed to define serotonergic
projections from the raphe and midbrain to the sympathoexcitatory region of the …

The midline medulla oblongata, which includes the nucleus raphe obscurus, raphe magnus
and raphe pallidus (NRP), is involved in regulation of cardiovascular responses. Opioids …

Objective (s): The 5-hydroxytryptamine1A (5-HT 1A) receptor is one of the serotonin
receptors in the brain, which regulates cardiovascular responses, especially in hemorrhage …

Previous research has suggested that the ventrolateral column of the periaqueductal gray
(vlPAG) plays a crucial role in triggering a decompensatory response (sympathoinhibition …

According to prior evidence opioid and serotonin release by lower brain stem neurons may
contribute to hemorrhage-induced sympathoinhibition (HISI). Here we seek direct evidence …