Bacteria often live within matrix-embedded communities, termed biofilms, which are now
understood to be a major mode of microbial life. The study of biofilms has revealed their vast …

Our knowledge regarding the nature and development of microbial biofilms has grown
significantly since the first report of these communities by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in the …

Multicellular assemblages of microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature, and the proximity
afforded by aggregation is thought to permit intercellular metabolic coupling that can …

The structural organization of four microbial communities was analysed by a novel computer
program, COMSTAT, which comprises ten features for quantifying three-dimensional biofilm …

Microbial communities are spatially organized in both the environment and the human body.
Although patterns exhibited by these communities are described by microbial biogeography …

Mutualisms between species play an important role in ecosystem function and stability.
However, in some environments, the competitive aspects of an interaction may dominate the …

The biofilm matrix is a dynamic environment in which the component microbial cells appear
to reach homeostasis and are optimally organized to make use of all available nutrients. The …

Attachment of microorganisms to food contact surfaces and the subsequent formation of
biofilms may cause equipment damage, food spoilage and even diseases. Mixed-species …

Most studies of biofilm biology have taken a reductionist approach, where single-species
biofilms have been extensively investigated. However, biofilms in nature mostly comprise …

Biofilm formation by Gfp‐tagged Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 wild type, flagella and
type IV pili mutants in flow chambers irrigated with citrate minimal medium was …