Various types of bias and confounding have been described in the biomedical literature that
can affect a study before, during, or after the intervention has been delivered. The peer …

Background The peer review process is a cornerstone of biomedical research. We aimed to
evaluate the impact of interventions to improve the quality of peer review for biomedical …

Objectives: To examine the effect on peer review of asking reviewers to have their identity
revealed to the authors of the paper. Design: Randomised trial. Consecutive eligible papers …

Background Recent controversies highlighting substandard peer review in Open Access
(OA) and traditional (subscription) journals have increased the need for authors, funders …

This series is directed to healthcare professionals who are leading the transfor-tion of health
care by using information and knowledge to advance the quality of patient care. Launched in …

As the size of the published scientific literature has increased exponentially over the past 30
years, review articles play an increasingly important role in helping researchers to make …

Context.—Little research has been conducted into the quality of peer review and, in
particular, the effects of blinding peer reviewers to authors' identities or masking peer …

Objective To determine the effects of training on the quality of peer review. Design Single
blind randomised controlled trial with two intervention groups receiving different types of …

BackgroundMost scientific journals practise anonymous peer review. There is no evidence,
however, that this is any better than an open system. AimsTo evaluate the feasibility of an …

Objective To analyse data from a trial and report the frequencies with which major and minor
errors are detected at a general medical journal, the types of errors missed and the impact of …