Over the past two decades, compelling evidence has emerged indicating that immune
mechanisms can contribute to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and …

Background No study has gathered evidence from all randomized clinical trials (RCT s) with
anti‐inflammatory drugs measuring antidepressant effects including a detailed assessment …

Data from clinical and preclinical studies indicate that immune dysregulation, specifically of
inflammatory processes, is associated with symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) …

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops in a subset of individuals upon exposure to
traumatic stress. In addition to well-defined psychological and behavioral symptoms, some …

Major life stressors, especially those involving interpersonal stress and social rejection, are
among the strongest proximal risk factors for depression. In this review, we propose a …

Importance Several studies have reported antidepressant effects of anti-inflammatory
treatment; however, the results have been conflicting and detrimental adverse effects may …

Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and inflammatory
processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have indicated …

The depressive state has been characterised as one of elevated inflammation, which holds
promise for better understanding treatment-resistance in affective disorders as well as for …

Mounting evidence indicates that inflammatory cytokines contribute to the development of
depression in both medically ill and medically healthy individuals. Cytokines are important …

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a biopsychosocial disorder that affects individuals who
have suffered a stroke at any point. PSD has a 20 to 60 percent reported prevalence among …