In most of the countries, buildings are often one of the major energy consumers, leading to
the necessity of achieving sustainable building designs, and to the mandatory use of …

Underground spaces have received increasing attention in the past decades owing to the
growing urban land scarcity. Underground spaces can have a variety of functions such as …

Improvements in heat transfer technologies are a key factor in making all industries that use
condensers, solar collectors, and thermal machines more efficient and use less energy. With …

As lots of the total energy was used by buildings, the number of residential buildings has
dramatically increased in South Korea. Thus, it is imperative to pay more attention to energy …

The understanding of natural ventilation in super-long tunnels can help to optimize the
design of ventilation systems and reduce energy consumption and maintenance costs. This …

Urban underground space (UUS) capacity demand forecasting is key to ensuring the
rational use of natural resources and sustainable urban development. Due to the high cost …

Occupant comfort in buildings is one of the most crucial considerations in designing a
building. Accordingly, there is a growing interest in this area. Aspects of comfort include …

Most of the underground buildings rely on mechanical ventilation system for achieving an
acceptable indoor thermal comfort level. In order to alleviate the greenhouse effect, it is …

This work evaluates the thermal and natural ventilation behaviour in an underground
construction and explains the passive behavior of the building components (tunnel, chimney …

Ventilation is the primary means to control the health risks from 'high heat, humidity and
pollution'in urban underground spaces. Natural ventilation helps reduce the energy and …