The process by which chemistry can give rise to biology remains one of the biggest
mysteries in contemporary science. The de novo synthesis and origin of life both require the …

The transition of chemistry into biology is poorly understood. Key questions include how the
inherently divergent nature of chemical reactions can be curtailed, and whether Darwinian …

From the most ancient RNAs, which followed an RNY pattern and folded into small hairpins,
modern RNA molecules evolved by two different pathways, dubbed Extended Genetic Code …

Nature segregates fundamental tasks such as information storage/transmission and
catalysis between two different compound classes (eg polynucleotides for replication and …

Catalysis and specifically autocatalysis are the quintessential building blocks of life. Yet,
although autocatalytic networks are necessary, they are not sufficient for the emergence of …

This study explored the emergence of life using a simulation model approach. The “multiset
chemical lattice model” allows the placement of virtual molecules of multiple types in each …

It is widely accepted that the earliest RNA molecules were folded into hairpins or mini-
helixes. Herein, we depict the 2D and 3D conformations of those earliest RNA molecules …

A prebiotic model, based in the framework of thermodynamic efficiency loss from small
dissipative eukaryote organisms [1],[2],[3], is developed to describe the maximum possible …

The Metabolically Coupled Replicator System (MCRS) model of early chemical evolution
offers a plausible and efficient mechanism for the self-assembly and the maintenance of …

Simple Summary Despite years of dedicated research, scientists are still not sure what the
first” living” cell would have looked like. One of the most well-known hypotheses is the RNA …