Beside digesting nutrients and absorbing solutes and electrolytes, the intestinal epithelium
with its barrier function is in charge of a tightly controlled antigen trafficking from the …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is severely disabling, and current treatments have limited
efficacy. The glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine was …

Background: A growing body of preclinical research suggests that brain glutamate systems
may be involved in the pathophysiology of major depression and the mechanism of action of …

This paper evaluates the validity, reliability and utility of the chronic mild stress (CMS) model
of depression. In the CMS model, rats or mice are exposed sequentially, over a period of …

The chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression has high validity but has in the past
been criticized for being difficult to replicate. However, a large number of recent publications …

The nature of depression has recently been reconceptualized, being conceived as the
clinical expression of activated immune-inflammatory, oxidative, and nitrosative stress …

This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was the first to evaluate the
antidepressant efficacy, safety, and tolerability of an NR2B subunit-selective N-methyl-D …

Adolescence is an evolutionarily conserved developmental phase characterized by
hormonal, physiological, neural and behavioral alterations evident widely across …

Efforts to develop efficacious antidepressant agents with novel mechanisms have been
largely unsuccessful since the 1950's until the discovery of ketamine, an N-methyl-d …

Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain. Glutamatergic
neurotransmission may be modulated at multiple levels, only a minority of which are …