Learning the value of stimuli and actions from others—social learning—adaptively
contributes to individual survival and plays a key role in cultural evolution. We review …

To date, fMRI research has been concerned primarily with evincing generic principles of
brain function through averaging data from multiple subjects. Given rapid developments in …

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is implicated in a broad range of behaviors and
cognitive processes, but it has been unclear what contribution, if any, the ACC makes to …

How does our brain choose the best course of action? Choices between material goods are
thought to be steered by neural value signals that encode the rewarding properties of the …

Understanding how the brain computes value is a basic question in neuroscience. Although
individual studies have driven this progress, meta-analyses provide an opportunity to test …

The human dorsal frontal cortex has been associated with the most sophisticated aspects of
cognition, including those that are thought to be especially refined in humans. Here we used …

Reinforcement learning theory powerfully characterizes how we learn to benefit ourselves.
In this theory, prediction errors—the difference between a predicted and actual outcome of a …

The recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the use of reinforcement learning
(RL) models in social, cognitive and affective neuroscience. This approach, in combination …

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) serve as a promising computational framework for
integrating insights from the brain into artificial intelligence (AI). Existing software …

The valuation of food is a fundamental component of our decision-making. Yet little is known
about how value signals for food and other rewards are constructed by the brain. Using a …