Tissue/organ shortage is a major medical challenge due to donor scarcity and patient
immune rejections. Furthermore, it is difficult to predict or mimic the human disease condition …

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a digital manufacturing technology, rapidly revolutionizing in
the medical sectors for printing of distinct body parts having intrinsic shapes and offering …

Three-dimensional (3D) and Four-dimensional (4D) printing emerged as the next generation
of fabrication techniques, spanning across various research areas, such as engineering …

Bioprinting techniques have been flourishing in the field of biofabrication with pronounced
and exponential developments in the past years. Novel biomaterial inks used for the …

Extrusion-based bioprinting (EBB) is a rapidly growing technology that has made substantial
progress during the last decade. It has great versatility in printing various biologics, including …

Droplet-based bioprinting (DBB) offers greater advantages due to its simplicity and agility
with precise control on deposition of biologics including cells, growth factors, genes, drugs …

The field of regenerative medicine has progressed tremendously over the past few decades
in its ability to fabricate functional tissue substitutes. Conventional approaches based on …

Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged over the past four decades as a cost-effective, on-
demand modality for fabrication of geometrically complex objects. The ability to design and …

Regenerative medicine holds the promise of engineering functional tissues or organs to
heal or replace abnormal and necrotic tissues/organs, offering hope for filling the gap …

Biomaterials made using collagen are successfully used as a three-dimensional (3D)
substrate for cell culture and considered to be promising scaffolds for creating artificial …