The interaction of plants with complex microbial communities is the result of co‐evolution
over millions of years and contributed to plant transition and adaptation to land. The ability of …

Plants as sessile organisms have remarkable developmental plasticity ensuring heir
continuous adaptation to the environment. An extreme example is somatic embryogenesis …

Complex biological processes such as plant growth and development are often under the
control of transcription factors that regulate the expression of large sets of genes and …

Nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) are major immune receptors in
plants and animals. Upon activation, the Arabidopsis NLR protein ZAR1 forms a pentameric …

Nitrate is an essential nutrient and signaling molecule for plant growth. Plants sense
intracellular nitrate to adjust their metabolic and growth responses. Here we identify the …

The phytohormone auxin controls many processes in plants, at least in part through its
regulation of cell expansion. The acid growth hypothesis has been proposed to explain …

CRISPR-Cas systems are found widely in prokaryotes, where they provide adaptive
immunity against virus infection and plasmid transformation. We describe a minimal …

The root: shoot ratio has long been known to be enhanced in plants under drought stress.
Here we discovered that osmotic stress enhances long-distance sucrose transport to …

Light and temperature in plants are perceived by a common receptor, phytochrome B
(phyB). How phyB distinguishes these signals remains elusive. Here, we report that phyB …

Modern green revolution varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) confer semi-dwarf and
lodging-resistant plant architecture owing to the Reduced height-B1b (Rht-B1b) and Rht …