This narrative review summarizes the collective knowledge on periodontal microbiology,
through a historical timeline that highlights the European contribution in the global field. The …

During the last two to three decades our understanding of the immunobiology of periodontal
disease has increased exponentially, both with respect to the microbial agents triggering the …

Biofilms are surface-attached bacterial communities embedded within an extracellular matrix
that create localized and protected microenvironments. Acidogenic oral biofilms can …

This chapter addresses the host responses to the microbial biofilm that constitutes the
subgingival dental plaque. The host response to infection draws upon the innate …

Background Many chronic diseases, such as non-healing wounds are characterized by
prolonged inflammation and respond poorly to conventional treatment. Bacterial biofilms are …

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that activation of inflammasomes plays a central
mechanism in pathogenesis of periodontitis. This study aims to compare salivary levels of …

Background Periodontal diseases are polymicrobial diseases that cause the inflammatory
destruction of the tooth-supporting (periodontal) tissues. Their initiation is attributed to the …

Six percent of Americans, including 3 million high schoolers, use e-cigarettes, which contain
potentially toxic substances, volatile organic compounds, and metals. We present the first …

Over the past century, numerous studies have used oral biofilm models to investigate growth
kinetics, biofilm formation, structure and composition, antimicrobial susceptibility and host …

Background and Objective Subgingival biofilms are the prime etiological factor of
periodontal disease. Owing to their complex polymicrobial nature, quantification of individual …