The understanding of atrial fibrillation (AF) evolved from a sole rhythm disturbance towards
the complex concept of a cardiomyopathy based on arrhythmia substrates. There is …

Low atrial endocardial bipolar voltage, measured during catheter ablation for atrial
fibrillation (AF), is a commonly used surrogate marker for the presence of atrial fibrosis. Low …

Aims Atrial fibrosis contributes to arrhythmogenesis in atrial fibrillation and can be detected
by MRI or electrophysiological mapping. The current study compares the spatial correlation …

Objectives: This study sought to determine the impact of rate and direction on left atrial (LA)
substrate. Background: The extent to which substrate mapped in sinus rhythm varies …

Although bipolar electrograms (Bi-egms) are commonly used for catheter mapping and
ablation of cardiac arrhythmias, the accuracy and reproducibility of Bi-egms have not been …

Background Electroanatomic mapping systems are used to support electrophysiology
research. Data exported from these systems is stored in proprietary formats which are …

Background: Pathological atrial fibrosis is a major contributor to sustained atrial fibrillation.
Currently, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) scans provide the only noninvasive estimate …

Alterations of normal intra-and interatrial conduction are a common outcome of multiple
cardiovascular conditions. They arise most commonly in the context of advanced age …

Introduction Bipolar voltage is used during electroanatomic mapping to define abnormal
myocardium, but the effect of activation rate on bipolar voltage is not known. We …

Aims Atrial septal defects (ASD) are associated with atrial arrhythmias, but the arrhythmia
substrate in these patients is poorly defined. We hypothesized that bi-atrial fibrosis is present …