The insulin receptor (IR) is a transmembrane protein that is activated by ligands in insulin
signaling pathways. The IR has been considered as a novel therapeutic target for clinical …

The enzymes of both de novo and salvage pathways for purine nucleotide synthesis are
regulated to meet the demand of nucleic acid precursors during proliferation. Among them …

Sterile alpha motif and HD-domain containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a triphosphohydrolase
converting deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) to deoxynucleosides. The enzyme was …

Importance Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a devastating psychiatric condition. Identifying the
specific genetic variants and pathways that increase susceptibility to SCZ is critical to …

Objective Prior investigations demonstrated that autoantibodies recognizing cytosolic 5′‐
nucleotidase 1A (NT5C1A) are found in 33–76% of patients with inclusion body myositis …

It is well-accepted that phosphorus, particularly orthophosphate, is a determinant factor in
aquatic eutrophication. However, numerous kinds of phosphorus sources exist in real world …

Objective Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM), an intractable progressive muscle
disease, frequently occurs in older persons. sIBM pathogenesis may involve protein …

Adenosine, acting both through G-protein coupled adenosine receptors and intracellularly,
plays a complex role in multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes by …

Purines and pyrimidines, regarded for a long time only as building blocks for nucleic acid
synthesis and intermediates in the transfer of metabolic energy, gained increasing attention …

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are heterogeneous autoimmune diseases. There
are distinct subgroups, including antisynthetase syndrome, dermatomyositis, polymyositis …