Studies in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease
and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and so on, have suggested that …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is clinically, pathologically, and genetically heterogeneous,
resisting distillation to a single, cohesive disorder. Instead, each affected individual develops …

Aggregation of specific proteins are histopathological hallmarks of several
neurodegenerative diseases, such as, Amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary …

According to emerging studies, the excessive activation of microglia and the subsequent
release of pro-inflammatory cytokines play important roles in the pathogenesis and …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder where alpha-synuclein plays a
central role in the death and dysfunction of neurons, both, in central, as well as in the …

Exosomes are small nanosized biovesicles that form when multivesicular bodies and the
plasma membrane fuse and are released into the surrounding body fluids. They are best …

Exosome application has emerged as a promising nanotechnology discipline for various
diseases therapeutics and diagnoses. Owing to the natural properties of efficient drug …

Recent findings in human samples and animal models support the involvement of
inflammation in the development of Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, it is currently …

Despite the development of highly effective treatments for relapsing–remitting multiple
sclerosis (MS), limited progress has been made in addressing primary progressive or …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid‐bilayer membrane structures secreted by most cell
types. EVs act as messengers via the horizontal transfer of lipids, proteins, and nucleic …