The direct exposure of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is widely related to several
adverse health effects. Therefore, an accurate amount of its usage is necessary required …

Fiber-optic biosensors based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) have the
advantages of great biocompatibility, label-free, strong stability, and real-time monitoring of …

Several pollutants are getting added to the water content in today's world, sometimes
intentionally and sometimes unintentionally. These pollutants, chemicals, and heavy metals …

Heavy metal ions, one of the major pollutants in the environment, exhibit non-degradable
and bio-chain accumulation characteristics, seriously damage the environment, and …

Abstract Lead (Pb 2+) is the most common toxic heavy metal ion in the natural environment
and causes enormous harm to public health for its non-metabolic accumulation. Therefore, it …

Environmental monitoring and potable water control are key applications where optical fiber
sensing solutions can outperform other technologies. In this work, we report a highly …

Optical sensors have been developed to detect important markers in various applications
such as food, health, and environment. Nanomaterials have been designed and integrated …

Plasmonic sensors have broad application potential in many fields and are promising to
replace most bulky sensors in the future. There are various method-based chemical …

Research on compact, flexible optical sensors for water quality monitoring, specifically
targeting heavy metal ion monitoring, has become extremely important due to the increasing …

In this paper, a novel topology for refractive index optical fiber sensors based on surface
plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon is presented. The fiber core has a graded refractive …