Land plants are exposed to not only biotic stresses such as pathogen infection and
herbivore wounding, but abiotic stresses such as cold, heat, drought, and salt. Elaborate …

Several environmental stresses, including biotic and abiotic factors, adversely affect the
growth and development of crops, thereby lowering their yield. However, abiotic factors, eg …

Lipids are one of the major components of biological membranes including the plasma
membrane, which is the interface between the cell and the environment. It has become clear …

Fatty acids and lipids, which are major and essential constituents of all plant cells, not only
provide structural integrity and energy for various metabolic processes but can also function …

Plants are constantly exposed to microorganisms in the environment and, as a result, have
evolved intricate mechanisms to recognize and defend themselves against potential …

Fresh strawberry fruits as perishable commodities have a short postharvest life and are
prone to postharvest fungal decay. In this study, the impact of 0, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 μmol/L …

Contents I. Introduction 295 II. Evolution of the Plant Vascular System 295 III. Phloem
Development & Differentiation 300 IV. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Xylem Cell …

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important phytohormone that plays a vital role in a number of
physiological responses, including plant defense. The last two decades have witnessed a …

The development of the plant root system is highly plastic, which allows the plant to adapt to
various environmental stresses. Salt stress inhibits root elongation by reducing the size of …

Plants growing in their natural habitats are often challenged simultaneously by multiple
stress factors, both abiotic and biotic. Research has so far been limited to responses to …