Motor skills are usually distinguished from perceptual skills, cognitive skills, communicative
skills, and other skill categories; but clearly these traditional distinctions have been made as …

Driven by recent empirical studies, we offer a new understanding of the degrees of freedom
problem, and propose a refined concept of synergy as a neural organization that ensures a …

Nonlinear Pedagogy is a powerful paradigm for understanding human movement and for
designing effective teaching, coaching and training programmes in sport, exercise and …

Athletes are dependent upon a constant supply of accurate and reliable information from the
environment whilst performing complex movements. Visual Perception and Action in Sport …

This paper overviews the importance for sports biomechanics of movement variability, which
has been studied for some time by cognitive and ecological motor skills specialists but, until …

This study reports an empirical investigation into Bernstein's (1967) ideas that in the early
stages of the acquisition of a movement skill the coordination problem is reduced by an …

This paper builds on recent theoretical concerns regarding traditional conceptualizations of
the skill acquisition process. The implications for the process of practice in sport contexts are …

The analysis of variability both within and between performers can reveal important
information about how athletes satisfy situational constraints. Transitory changes in the …

Bernstein (The Co-ordination and Regulation of Movements, Pergamon, London, 1967)
outlined a theoretical framework for the degrees of freedom problem in motor control that …

In the groundbreaking text, Movement System Variability, internationally known scientists
synthesize the latest research in the study of variability in the human movement system and …