The growing world population (7.8 billion) exerts an increased pressure on the cattle
industry amongst others. Intensification and expansion of milk and beef production inevitably …

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an attenuated Mycobacterium bovis strain used as a
vaccine to prevent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection. Its ability to potentiate the …

Macrophages are versatile immune cells with remarkable plasticity, enabling them to adapt
to diverse tissue microenvironments and perform various functions. Traditionally categorized …

Despite co-evolving with humans for centuries and being intensely studied for decades, the
immune correlates of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have yet to be …

Exosomes as double-membrane vesicles contain various contents of lipids, proteins,
mRNAs and non-coding RNAs, and involve in multiple physiological processes, for instance …

Even today, tuberculosis in childhood is a disease that is often undiagnosed and
undertreated. In the absence of therapy with antituberculosis drugs, children in the first years …

Background The epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) lineage 5
(L5) infections in Ghana revealed a significantly increased prevalence in Ewes compared to …

Traditional vaccine development against infectious diseases has been guided by the
overarching aim to generate efficacious vaccines normally indicated by an antibody and/or …

Tuberculosis (TB) is a very contagious, chronic disease caused by acid-fast bacilli that are
notoriously difficult to eradicate from the host's surroundings. For it to work, the host …

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide due to a single
infectious disease agent. BCG, the only licensed vaccine against TB, offers limited protection …