Ischemic stroke refers to the disorder of blood supply of local brain tissue caused by various
reasons. It has high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Astrocytes are the most abundant …

This review focuses on mechanisms and emerging concepts that drive the science of stroke
in a therapeutic direction. Once considered exclusively a disorder of blood vessels, growing …

Sublethal hypoxic or ischemic events can improve the tolerance of tissues, organs, and even
organisms from subsequent lethal injury caused by hypoxia or ischemia. This phenomenon …

Cerebral ischemia (stroke) triggers a complex series of biochemical and molecular
mechanisms that impairs the neurologic functions through breakdown of cellular integrity …

Neuroprotection and brain repair in patients after acute brain damage are still major
unfulfilled medical needs. Pharmacological treatments are either ineffective or confounded …

Adaptation is one of physiology's fundamental tenets, operating not only at the level of
species, as Darwin proposed, but also at the level of tissues, cells, molecules and, perhaps …

Background The production of peroxide and superoxide is an inevitable consequence of
aerobic metabolism, and while these particular'reactive oxygen species'(ROSs) can exhibit a …

Practically any stimulus capable of causing injury to a tissue or organ can, when applied
close to (but below) the threshold of damage, activate endogenous protective mechanisms …

Despite our present knowledge of some of the cellular pathways that modulate central
nervous system injury, complete therapeutic prevention or reversal of acute or chronic …

The transcription factor NF-κB is a key regulator of hundreds of genes involved in cell
survival and inflammation. There is ample evidence that NF-κB is activated in cerebral …