Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has aroused great research interest in recent years owing to its
high spatiotemporal selectivity, minimal invasiveness, and low systemic toxicity. However …

The p53 protein is a transcription factor known as the" guardian of the genome" because of
its critical function in preserving genomic integrity. The TP53 gene is mutated in …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with poor patient
survival. Toward understanding the underlying molecular alterations that drive PDAC …

Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant non-protein thiol present at millimolar
concentrations in mammalian tissues. As an important intracellular antioxidant, it acts as a …

Accumulating evidence suggests that a high tumour burden has a negative effect on
anticancer immunity. The concept of tumour burden, simply defined as the total amount of …

Through the successes of checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapy,
immunotherapy has become an established treatment modality for cancer. Cellular …

Pyroptosis refers to the process of gasdermin-mediated lytic programmed cell death (PCD)
characterized by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our knowledge of pyroptosis has …

Hypoxia, a common feature of the tumor microenvironment in various types of cancers,
weakens cytotoxic T cell function and causes recruitment of regulatory T cells, thereby …

Abstract Clay-based nanomaterials, especially 2: 1 aluminosilicates such as vermiculite,
biotite, and illite, have demonstrated great potential in various fields. However, their …

Cancer development and progression occurs in concert with alterations in the surrounding
stroma. Cancer cells can functionally sculpt their microenvironment through the secretion of …