Inappropriate mechanical debridement, persistence of bacteria in the canals and apex, poor
obturation quality, over and under extension of the root canal filling, and coronal leakage are …

The prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in Europe has been reported to affect 61% of
individuals and 14% of teeth, and increase with age. Likewise, the prevalence of root canal …

Ng Y‐L, Mann V, Gulabivala K. A prospective study of the factors affecting outcomes of
nonsurgical root canal treatment: part 1: periapical health. International Endodontic Journal …

Objectives Management of carious teeth with signs and symptoms indicative of irreversible
pulpitis is traditionally invasive, but emerging evidence suggests successful treatment …

INTRODUCTION: An ideal orthograde or retrograde filling material should seal the pathways
of communication between the root canal system and its surrounding tissues. It should also …

Microbiota are found in highly organized and complex entities, known as biofilms, the
characteristics of which are fundamentally different from microbes in planktonic …

INTRODUCTION: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was developed because existing
materials did not have the ideal characteristics for orthograde or retrograde root-end fillings …

This paper undertakes a broad and comprehensive synthesis of relevant clinical, biological,
biomechanical, technical and healthcare services data to understand the factors affecting …

Introduction: Effective irrigant delivery and agitation are prerequisites for successful
endodontic treatment. Methods: This article presents an overview of the irrigant agitation …

Over the last two decades, calcium silicate-based materials have grown in popularity. As
root canal sealers, these formulations have been extensively investigated and compared …