Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising next generation antibiotics that hold great
potential for combating bacterial resistance. AMPs can be both bacteriostatic and …

Denitrification is a distinct means of energy conservation, making use of N oxides as
terminal electron acceptors for cellular bioenergetics under anaerobic, microaerophilic, and …

One of the most salient features of Bacillus subtilis and related bacilli is their natural capacity
to secrete a variety of proteins into their environment, frequently to high concentrations. This …

In bacteria, two major pathways exist to secrete proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane.
The general Secretion route, termed Sec-pathway, catalyzes the transmembrane …

Most major systems that transport proteins across a membrane share the following features:
an amino-terminal transient signal sequence on the transported protein, a targeting system …

Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), a secretory protein lacking a signal peptide, does not follow the
classical endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi pathway of secretion. Here we provide the …

Background Proteins carrying twin-arginine (Tat) signal peptides are exported into the
periplasmic compartment or extracellular environment independently of the classical Sec …

The precursor polypeptides of periplasmic proteins binding seven types of redox cofactor
have unusually long signal sequences bearing a consensus (S/T)‐R‐R‐x‐F‐L‐K motif …

The Tat (t win‐a rginine t ranslocation) system is a bacterial protein export pathway with the
remarkable ability to transport folded proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane …

We describe the identification of two Escherichia coli genes required for the export of
cofactor‐containing periplasmic proteins, synthesized with signal peptides containing a twin …