Diverse signaling cues and attendant proteins work together during organogenesis,
including craniofacial development. Lip and palate formation starts as early as the fourth …

Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are among the most common birth defects and impart a significant
burden on afflicted individuals and their families. It is increasingly understood that many …

Cancer is a complex disease without a unified explanation for its cause so far. Our recent
work demonstrates that cancer cells share similar regulatory networks and characteristics …

The neural crest is a migratory stem cell population that contributes to various tissues and
organs during vertebrate embryonic development. These cells possess remarkable …

Orofacial clefts (OFCs) have multiple etiologies and likely result from an interplay between
genetic and environmental factors. Within the last decade, studies have implicated specific …

Since electronic cigarette (ECIG) introduction to American markets in 2007, vaping has
surged in popularity. Many, including women of reproductive age, also believe that ECIG …

The neural crest (NC), discovered by Wilhelm His 150 years ago, gives rise to a multipotent
migratory embryonic cell population that generates a remarkably diverse and important …

Background Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a severe birth defect associated with
high perinatal mortality and long-term morbidity. The etiology of CDH is poorly understood …

Abstract Purpose of Review Craniofacial disorders are among the most common human
birth defects and present an enormous health care and social burden. The development of …

Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common birth defect with a complex,
heterogeneous etiology. It is well established that common and rare sequence variants …