Fitness results from an optimal balance between survival, mating success and fecundity. The
interactions between these three components of fitness vary depending on the selective …

Modern birds are typified by the presence of feathers, complex evolutionary innovations that
were already widespread in the group of theropod dinosaurs (Maniraptoriformes) that …

Why do males and females frequently differ so markedly in body size and morphology? Sex,
Size, and Gender Roles is the first book to investigate the genetic, developmental, and …

Males and females share most of their genomes and express many of the same traits, yet the
sexes often have markedly different selective optima for these shared traits. This sexually …

Sex determination is a fundamental biological process, yet its mechanisms are remarkably
diverse,. In vertebrates, sex can be determined by inherited genetic factors or by the …

Podarcis bocagei and P. carbonelli are two closely related lacertid species, very similar
morphologically and ecologically. We investigated sexual dimorphism patterns presented by …

Rensch's rule relates to a pattern whereby sexual size dimorphism is more female‐biased in
small‐sized species and more male‐biased in large‐sized ones. We collected literature and …

Traditionally, studies of intrasexual selection have focused on single traits that are more
exaggerated in males. Relatively little is known about systems in which traits are larger in …

An animal's morphology influences its ability to perform essential tasks, such as locomoting
to obtain prey or escape predators. While morphology–performance relationships are well …

Understanding the origin of biodiversity has been a major focus in evolutionary and
ecological biology for well over a century and several patterns and mechanisms have been …