Somatosensory afferents are traditionally classified by soma size, myelination, and their
response specificity to external and internal stimuli. Here, we propose the functional …

The somatosensory system processes diverse types of information including mechanical,
thermal, and chemical signals. It has an essential role in sensory perception and body …

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an important role in motivation and reward processing.
Recent studies suggest that different NAc subnuclei differentially contribute to reward …

The spino-ponto-amygdaloid pathway is a major ascending circuit relaying nociceptive
information from the spinal cord to the brain. Potentiation of excitatory synaptic transmission …

Chronic pain causes both physical suffering and comorbid mental symptoms such as
anhedonia. However, the neural circuits and molecular mechanisms underlying these …

Appropriate processing of reward and aversive information is essential for survival. Although
a critical role of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) in reward …

GABAergic neurons in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT GABA) encode aversion by
directly inhibiting mesolimbic dopamine (DA). Yet, the detailed cellular and circuit …

Depression symptoms are often found in patients suffering from chronic pain, a
phenomenon that is yet to be understood mechanistically. Here, we systematically …

The central mechanisms underlying pain chronicity remain elusive. Here, we identify a
reciprocal neuronal circuit in mice between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the …

Chronic pain often leads to the development of sleep disturbances. However, the precise
neural circuit mechanisms responsible for sleep disorders in chronic pain have remained …