Physical activity, mobility or patterned mobility (ie, exercise) is intrinsic to the functioning of
Homo sapiens, and required for maintenance of health. Thus, systems such as the …

Background The cardiovascular system is strongly dependent on the gravitational
environment. Gravitational changes cause mechanical fluid shifts and, in turn, autonomic …

Astronauts returning from spaceflight typically show transient declines in mobility and
balance. Other sensorimotor behaviors and cognitive function have not been investigated as …

Fifty years after the first humans stepped on the Moon, space faring nations have entered a
new era of space exploration. NASA's reference mission to Mars is expected to comprise …

Environmental and psychological stressors can adversely affect astronaut cognitive
performance in space. This study used a 6° head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR) paradigm to …

The altered vestibular signaling and somatosensory unloading of microgravity result in
sensory reweighting and adaptation to conflicting sensory inputs. Aftereffects of these …

We studied the longitudinal effects of approximately 6 months of spaceflight on brain activity
and task-based connectivity during a spatial working memory (SWM) task. We further …

As humanity prepares for deep space exploration, understanding the impact of spaceflight
on bodily physiology is critical. While the effects of non-terrestrial gravity on the body are …

During spaceflight, astronauts face a unique set of stressors, including microgravity,
isolation, and confinement, as well as environmental and operational hazards. These factors …

Aerospace medicine required controlled terrestrial models to investigate influences of
altered atmosphere conditions, such as hypoxia, on human health and performance. These …