Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most prevalent
neurodegenerative diseases, affecting millions and costing billions each year in the United …

Inflammation-associated diseases encompass a range of infectious diseases and non-
infectious inflammatory diseases, which continuously pose one of the most serious threats to …

Cancer cases have reached an all-time high in the current era. Thus, there is a need to
develop advanced therapeutic methods that can effectively inhibit the proliferation of …

Innovations in nanomedicine has guided the improved outcomes for cancer diagnosis and
therapy. However, frequent use of nanomaterials remains challenging due to specific …

Purpose The brain, protected by the cranium externally and the blood–brain barrier (BBB)
internally, poses challenges in chemotherapy of aggressive brain tumors. Maximal tumor …

Enzymes are versatile biomolecules with broad applications. Since they are biological
molecules, they can be easily destabilized when placed in adverse environmental …

Cerebral ischemia is a major cause of death in both neonates and adults, and currently has
no cure. Nanotechnology represents one promising area of therapeutic development for …

Biological drugs (BDs) play an increasingly irreplaceable role in treating various diseases
such as cancer, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The market share of …

Excitotoxicity is a primary pathological process that occurs during stroke, traumatic brain
injury (TBI), and global brain ischemia such as perinatal asphyxia. Excitotoxicity is triggered …

Bioenzymes that catalyze reactions within living systems show a great promise for cancer
therapy, particularly when they are integrated with nanoparticles to improve their …