Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) develops when cardiac output falls as a
result of cardiac injury. The most well-recognized of the compensatory homeostatic …

Abstract Purpose of Review With the intention to summarize the currently available evidence
on the pathophysiological relevance of inflammation in heart failure, this review addresses …

Current therapies for heart failure after myocardial infarction are limited and non-curative.
Although regenerative approaches are receiving significant attention, clinical efforts that …

The pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) is characterized by hemodynamic abnormalities
that result in neurohormonal activation and autonomic imbalance with increase in …

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality among the diabetic
population. Both experimental and clinical evidence suggest that diabetic subjects are …

Although heart failure due to a wide variety of pathological stimuli including myocardial
infarction, pressure overload and volume overload is associated with cardiac hypertrophy …

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is rigorously regulated by various powerful mechanisms to
safeguard the match between cerebral metabolic demand and supply. The question of how …

Background: Despite increased use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), some
patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) remain at high risk for …

Aims Although the focus of therapeutic intervention has been on neurohormonal pathways
thought to be harmful in heart failure (HF), such as the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone …

Background Controlled clinical trials have shown that beta-blockers can produce
hemodynamic and symptomatic improvement in chronic heart failure, but the effect of these …