Cellular signaling networks are the foundation which determines the fate and function of
cells as they respond to various cues and stimuli. The discovery of fluorescent proteins over …

Fluorescent tools have revolutionized our ability to probe biological dynamics, particularly at
the cellular level. Fluorescent sensors have been developed on several platforms, utilizing …

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy.
Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered …

The directed migration of cell collectives is a driving force of embryogenesis,,. The
predominant view in the field is that cells in embryos navigate along pre-patterned …

Protein synthesis is the most energy-consuming process in a proliferating cell, and
understanding what controls protein abundances represents a key question in biology and …

The nuclear envelope is a double membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
The inner nuclear membrane (INM) functions in essential nuclear processes including …

Morphogen gradients are fundamental to establish morphological patterns in developing
tissues. During development, gradients scale to remain proportional to the size of growing …

Techniques to detect and verify interactions between proteins in vivo have become
invaluable tools in functional genomic research. While many of the initially developed …

Protein N-glycosylation is one of the major post-translational modifications in eukaryotic
cells. In lower unicellular eukaryotes, the known functions of N-glycans are predominantly in …

Recent progress of bioanalytical techniques has accelerated the deep understanding of
cellular states and development of novel drugs as well as medical diagnosis. Particularly …