Recent advances in natural language processing and machine learning have led to the
development of chatbot models, such as ChatGPT, that can engage in conversational …

Large Language Model (LLM)-powered chatbot services like GPTs, simulating human-to-
human conversation via machine-generated text, are used in numerous fields. They are …

Smart homes are enhanced with the convenience offered by Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
However, the interconnected behaviors of devices can lead to unexpected interactions …

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed optimization paradigm that learns from
data samples distributed across many clients with data privacy protection in the artificial …

Synchronous Federated Learning (FL) may suffer from increased training time and costs. To
address this issue, Asynchronous Federated Learning (AFL) has been proposed …

Federated learning enables the collaborative training of a global model while allowing the
data of multiple clients to remain local. This characteristic renders federated learning highly …

In the realm of the Internet of Things (IoT), users, devices, and environments communicate
and interact with each other, creating a web of complex interactions. This interconnected …