Most health system strengthening interventions ignore interconnections between systems
components. In particular, complex relationships between medicines and health financing …

In low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) in Asia, pharmacies are often patients' first point
of contact with the health care system and their preferred channel for purchasing medicines …

Background Irrational use of antimicrobials is highly prevalent. It is a major driving factor for
antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Research on irrational antimicrobial use is important for …

The global burden of antimicrobial resistance is rising and is associated with increased
morbidity and mortality in clinical and community setting. Spread of antibiotic resistance to …

2 There are also countries at lower levels of health expenditure (< $30), such as Bangladesh
and Uzbekistan, who have comparatively good life expectancy, but in no case does this …

Medicines in Health Systems Medicines in Health Systems Page 1 Edited by: Maryam Bigdeli,
David H. Peters, Anita K. Wagner Advancing access, affordability and appropriate use Medicines …

Objectives To analyze a sample of pharmaceutical waste drawn from household garbage in
Vienna, with the aim to learn whether and which medicines end up unused in normal …

Turkey has been among the leading countries in antibiotic consumption. As a result of the 4-
year National Action Plan for Rational Drug Use, antibiotic prescriptions had declined from …

KSHIRSAGAR: RATIONAL USE OF MEDICINES 503 supply-side reforms such as
compulsory price cuts, measures to lower generics prices, reference pricing in a class and …

Pharmaceutical products are indispensable for improving health outcomes. An extensive
body of work on access to and use of medicines has resulted in an assortment of tools …