The recent identification of cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous lipid ligands has
triggered an exponential growth of studies exploring the endocannabinoid system and its …

Introduction: The opioid epidemic has become an immense problem in North America, and
despite decades of research on the most effective means to treat opioid use disorder (OUD) …

A new mesopontine structure exerting a strong influence on dopamine systems has recently
been defined: the tail of the ventral tegmental area/rostromedial tegmental nucleus …

Withdrawal from opiates, such as heroin or oral narcotics, is characterized by a host of
aversive physical and emotional symptoms. High rates of relapse and limited treatment …

Food, drugs and brain stimulation can serve as strong rewarding stimuli and are all believed
to activate common brain circuits that evolved in mammals to favour fitness and survival. For …

The endogenous cannabinoid system is an important regulatory system involved in
physiological homeostasis. Endocannabinoid signaling is known to modulate neural …

The opioid system consists of three receptors, mu, delta, and kappa, which are activated by
endogenous opioid peptides (enkephalins, endorphins, and dynorphins). The endogenous …

Addiction research has historically neglected research on women, and most studies have
been conducted on men only, with the concluding results generalized to the female …

Rationale Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug among pregnant women. Since
the endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in brain development, maternal exposure …

Post orgasmic illness syndrome is a rare, mysterious condition with an unknown
pathomechanism and uncertain treatment. The symptoms of post orgasmic illness syndrome …