Immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) has dramatically altered clinical outcomes for cancer
patients and conferred durable clinical benefits, including cure in a subset of patients …

The transformative success of antibodies targeting the PD-1 (programmed death 1)/B7-H1
(B7 homolog 1) pathway (anti-PD therapy) has revolutionized cancer treatment. However …

Antagonistic antibodies targeting the inhibitory immune-checkpoint receptor PD-1 or its
ligand PD-L1 are used to treat a wide range of cancer types and can substantially improve …

Therapeutic cancer vaccines have undergone a resurgence in the past decade. A better
understanding of the breadth of tumour-associated antigens, the native immune response …

Chemotherapy combined with or without targeted therapy is the fundamental treatment for
metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Due to the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drugs …

Immune checkpoint blockade, which blocks inhibitory signals of T cell activation, has shown
tremendous success in treating cancer, although success still remains limited to a fraction of …

Cancer immunotherapy offers substantive benefit to patients with various tumour types, in
some cases leading to complete tumour clearance. However, many patients do not respond …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made an indelible mark in the field of cancer
immunotherapy. Starting with the approval of anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein …

Tumor mutational burden (TMB) reflects cancer mutation quantity. Mutations are processed
to neo-antigens and presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins to T …

The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4)/B7 and programmed death 1
(PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are two most representative immune …