Citizen science is on the rise. Aided by the internet, the popularity and scope of citizen
science appears almost limitless. For citizens the motivation is to contribute to “real” science …

Citizen science, the involvement of volunteers in research, has increased the scale of
ecological field studies with continent-wide, centralized monitoring efforts and, more rarely …

Abstract Declines in American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) populations are widely reported,
and Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data suggest that the North American population declined …

We developed an epidemiological model of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) across an
altitudinal gradient on the island of Hawaii that includes the dynamics of the host, vector, and …

West Nile virus (WNV) is a globally distributed mosquito-borne virus of great public health
concern. The number of WNV human cases and mosquito infection patterns vary in space …

The strain of West Nile virus (WNV) currently epidemic in North America contains a genetic
mutation elevating its virulence in birds, especially species in the family Corvidae. Although …

Abstract The introduction of West Nile virus to North America in 1999 had profound impacts
on human and wildlife health. Here, we review studies of WNV impacts on bird populations …

Context Improved knowledge of changing species distributions is critically important for
conservation managers in the face of increasing species invasions, habitat disturbance and …

West Nile virus (WNV)-associated disease has a range of clinical manifestations among
avian taxa, the reasons for which are not known. Species susceptibility varies within the …

Biodiversity conservation in an era of global change and scarce funding benefits from
approaches that simultaneously solve multiple problems. Here, we discuss conservation …