In recent years, immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led
to unprecedented breakthroughs in cancer treatment. However, the fact that many tumors …

In recent years, cancer immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has
achieved considerable success in the clinic. However, ICIs are significantly limited by the …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common aggressive carcinoma types worldwide,
characterized by unfavorable curative effect and poor prognosis. Epidemiological data re …

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancers of the female reproductive system.
Although surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy can significantly …

Stimulating antitumor immunity is an attractive idea for suppressing tumors. CD4+ and CD8+
T cells as well as natural killer cells (NK) are the primary antitumor immune cells in the tumor …

The insulin receptor (IR) mediates both metabolic and mitogenic effects especially when
overexpressed or in clinical conditions with compensatory hyperinsulinemia, due to the …

In cancerous cells, significant changes occur in the activity of signaling pathways affecting a
wide range of cellular activities ranging from growth and proliferation to apoptosis …

Purpose: No evidence exists as to whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) impairs clinical
outcome from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in patients with solid tumors. Experimental …

Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common type of diabetes mellitus and is mainly
characterized by insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and elevated hepatic glucose output …

Metformin increased cellular ROS levels in AsPC-1 pancreatic cancer cells, with minimal
effect in HDF, human primary dermal fibroblasts. Metformin reduced cellular ATP levels in …