Rod and cone photoreceptors of the vertebrate retina utilize cGMP as the primary
intracellular messenger for the visual signaling pathway that converts a light stimulus into an …

Cone photoreceptors provide the foundation of most of human visual experience, but
because they are smaller and less numerous than rods in most mammalian retinas, much …

G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling is ubiquitous. As an archetype of this
signaling motif, rod phototransduction has provided many fundamental, quantitative details …

Evolution has equipped vertebrates and invertebrates with neural circuits that selectively
encode visual motion. While similarities in the computations performed by these circuits in …

In this work, we introduce a phenomenological model for the cone-horizontal cell assembly,
including spatial integration and formation of receptive field-like structures. The model …

Though rod and cone photoreceptors use similar phototransduction mechanisms, previous
model calculations have indicated that the most important differences in their light responses …

In daylight, cone photoreceptors in the retina are responsible for the bulk of visual
perception, yet compared to rods, far less is known quantitatively about their biochemistry …

The phototransduction cascade is paradigmatic for signaling pathways initiated by G protein-
coupled receptors and is characterized by a fine regulation of photoreceptor sensitivity and …

Retinal rods evolved to be able to detect single photons. Despite their exquisite sensitivity,
rods operate over many log units of light intensity. Several processes inside photoreceptor …

Key points Most vertebrate eyes have rod and cone photoreceptors, which use a signal
transduction pathway consisting of many biological processes to transform light into an …