Apoptosis may contribute to a significant proportion of neuron death following acute brain
ischemia (ABI), but the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Brain ischemia …

Background and Purpose—Traditionally, cell death after cerebral ischemia was considered
to be exclusively necrotic in nature, but research over the past decade has revealed that …

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is an specialized epithelium lying in the interface
between the neural retina and the choriocapillaris where it forms the outer blood‐retinal …

Oxidative damage plays a critical role in many diseases of the central nervous system. This
study was conducted to determine the molecular mechanisms involved in the putative anti …

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein cytokine known for its pleiotropic effects on various
types of cells and tissues. EPO and its receptor EPOR trigger signaling cascades …

We investigated the hypothesis that endothelial cells activated by erythropoietin (EPO)
promote the migration of neuroblasts. This hypothesis is based on observations in vivo that …

In recent years, the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt cell survival signaling pathway has been
increasingly researched in the field of stroke. Akt activity is suggested to be upregulated by …

Many traditional Chinese medicines, including Danhong injection (DHI), can be used to treat
cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and have neuroprotective effects on the brain; however …

Abstract Extracellular signal–regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), one of the best‐characterized
members of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, mediates a range of activity …

Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is most often thought of for its role in morbidity associated with sleep-
disordered breathing, including central nervous system pathology. However, recent …