Often, biogeography is applied only as a narrative addition to phylogenetic studies and lacks
scientific rigour. However, if research questions are framed as hypotheses, biogeographical …

Phylogenetic approaches to biogeography are rapidly becoming more sophisticated. Four
types of models are being explored in the literature:(a) diffusion models,(b) island models,(c) …

The evolution of the ratite birds has been widely attributed to vicariant speciation, driven by
the Cretaceous breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana. The early isolation of Africa and …

In spite of their relatively small size as a group of insects, dung beetles have attracted an
inordinate amount of scientific interest over the years, starting with the work of the French …

The angiosperm family Myrtaceae has extant and fossil taxa from all southern continents
and is assumed to be of Gondwanan origin. Many modern groups contain sister taxa that …

New Zealand has long been a conundrum to biogeographers, possessing as it does
geophysical and biotic features characteristic of both an island and a continent. This schism …

New Caledonia has generally been considered a continental island, the biota of which
largely dates back to Gondwanan times owing to its geological origin and the presence of …

The Waipounamu Erosion Surface is a time-transgressive, nearly planar, wave-cut surface. It
is not a peneplain. Formation of the Waipounamu Erosion Surface began in Late …

Ratites are large, flightless birds and include the ostrich, rheas, kiwi, emu, and cassowaries,
along with extinct members, such as moa and elephant birds. Previous phylogenetic …

The spatial and temporal patterns of plant species radiations are largely unknown. I used a
nonlinear regression to estimate speciation and extinction rates from all relevant dated …