Ammonia is produced on large scale mainly for production of fertilizers using steam
reforming of natural gas. Capacity of single stream has gone upto 4000 tpd. Large release of …

Catalyst filled heater tubes made of cast HP-microalloyed grade 35Ni25Cr1NbTi alloy used
in the primary reformer furnace section of a fertilizer complex failed after 8 years in service …

Hydrogen reformer furnaces have been widely used in the petrochemical industry to
produce the hydrogen-rich gas from a mixture of hydrocarbons and steam at high …

HK alloy is a member of the heat resistant cast alloy family (H-Series) steels. They are widely
used in the petrochemical industry for components requiring enhanced high temperature …

The failure of ethylene cracking tubes at an elevation of about 5 m in radiant chambers after
one-year service has been analysed. Bulges and circumferential cracks, oriented towards …

Failure of AISI 310 stainless steel tubes, used as radiant tubes in a heat treatment furnace,
operating at temperature range 480 to 700° C, is investigated. Longitudinal cracks were …

This review examines the use of steam reforming to convert bioliquids, such as ethanol,
glycerol, butanol, vegetable oil, bio-oils and biodiesel, into hydrogen gas. The focus of the …

Heat-resistant cast steels are highly sensitive to cracking as they are weld-repaired because
of their very low ductility. To prevent weld-repair cracking of three different heat-resistant cast …

In this paper, the failure of the reformer furnace tube, made of HP-Nb micro alloyed heat
resistant steel is investigated. The failure was due to a longitudinal crack developing in the …

The control of creep behaviour during service of reformer tubes made of HP-40 austenitic
stainless steels is still limited by the knowledge of creep mechanisms in these alloys. Two …