Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is emphysema and/or chronic bronchitis
characterised by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow. The prevalence of COPD …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are necessary for normal cell signaling and the
antimicrobial defense of the skin. However excess production of ROS can disrupt the cellular …

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection is associated with multiple clinical sequelae,
including different subtypes of psoriasis. Such post-streptococcal disorders have been long …

Thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) is an important regulator of cellular redox homeostasis that comprises a
redox-active dithiol. Trx1 is induced in response to various stress conditions, such as …

Immune-mediated skin diseases have a high prevalence and seriously affect patients'
quality of life. Gold compounds have been considered promising therapeutic agents in …

Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) exerts cytoprotective activity against various toxic stressors
via the thioredoxin (TRX) redox system; however, its effect on skin inflammation and …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Inflammatory skin diseases treatments currently used
cause adverse effects. Nasturtium officinale (watercress) is used popularly as an anti …

Significance: The pathogenesis and progression of allergic inflammation in the respiratory
system are closely linked to oxidative stress. Thioredoxin (TRX) is an essential redox …

Human thioredoxin (TRX) is a 12-kDa protein with redox-active dithiol in the active site-Cys-
Gly-Pro-Cys-, which is induced by biological stress due to oxidative damage, metabolic …

Myocardial infarction (MI) is characterized by a significant loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs), and
it is suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in cell cycle arrest, leading …