An optimally functional brain requires both excitatory and inhibitory inputs that are regulated
and balanced. A perturbation in the excitatory/inhibitory balance—as is the case in some …

Importance In the US and the United Kingdom, cocaine use is the second leading cause of
illicit drug overdose death. Psychosocial treatments for cocaine use disorder are limited, and …

The involvement of dopamine in drug reinforcement is well recognized but its role in drug
addiction is much less clear. Imaging studies have shown that the reinforcing effects of drugs …

Drug addiction manifests as a compulsive drive to take a drug despite serious adverse
consequences. This aberrant behaviour has traditionally been viewed as bad'choices' that …

Dopamine is an important neuromodulator that exerts widespread effects on the central
nervous system (CNS) function. Disruption in dopaminergic neurotransmission can have …

Imaging studies have provided evidence of how the human brain changes as an individual
becomes addicted. Here, we integrate the findings from imaging studies to propose a model …

This book uses a clinically oriented approach for working with patients and clients with
substance-use disorders. The material represents a blending together of my three major …

The British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines for the treatment of substance
abuse, harmful use, addiction and comorbidity with psychiatric disorders primarily focus on …

Modern imaging techniques enable researchers to observe drug actions and consequences
as they occur and persist in the brains of abusing and addicted individuals. This article …

Psychostimulants are a broadly defined class of drugs that stimulate the central and
peripheral nervous systems as their primary pharmacological effect. The abuse liability of …