The vertebrate control of locomotion involves all levels of the nervous system from cortex to
the spinal cord. Here, we aim to cover all main aspects of this complex behavior, from the …

Until now, most brain studies have focused on small numbers of neurons that interact in
limited circuits, allowing analysis of individual computations or steps of neural processing …

Locomotion is a complex behavior required for animal survival. Vertebrate locomotion
depends on spinal interneurons termed the central pattern generator (CPG), which …

Our movements and actions stem from complex processes in the central nervous system.
Precise adaptation of locomotor movements is essential for effectively interacting with the …

Locomotor behaviors are critical for survival and enable animals to navigate their
environment, find food and evade predators. The circuits in the brain and spinal cord that …

Locomotion is common to all animals and is essential for survival. Neural circuits located in
the spinal cord have been shown to be necessary and sufficient for the generation and …

Layering of neural circuits facilitates the separation of neurons with high spatial sensitivity
from those that play integrative temporal roles. Although anatomical layers are readily …

Highlights•Spinal rhythm generating neurons initiate and support locomotion by converting
descending drive into a rhythmic signal.•There is no single all-inclusive marker for rhythm …

Locomotion is a complex motor task generated by spinal circuits driving motoneurons in a
precise sequence to control the timing and vigor of movements, but the underlying circuit …

Vertebrate movement is orchestrated by spinal inter-and motor neurons that, together with
sensory and cognitive input, produce dynamic motor behaviors. These behaviors vary from …