Despite the considerable advancements in fabricating polymeric-based scaffolds for tissue
engineering, the clinical transformation of these scaffolds remained a big challenge because …

Extracellular vesicles are nanoscale vesicles that can be secreted by all cell types, are
intracellular in origin and have the same composition as their parent cells, play a key role in …

Introduction The repair of bone defects is ideally accomplished with bone tissue
engineering. Recent studies have explored the possibility of functional modification of …

The treatment of diabetic wounds is a major challenge faced by the medical system, and
there is a growing interest in developing innovative therapies to accelerate wound healing …

Bone defect and repair is a common but difficult problem in restorative and reconstructive
surgery. Bone tissue defects of different sizes caused by different reasons bring functional …

Background There is growing evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in
the paracrine mechanisms of transplanted human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Little is …

Background Hydrogel carrying exosomes shows better prospects for bone regeneration.
Objective This work investigated the effect of cross-linking N-succinyl chitosan-oxidated …

Natural fracture healing is most efficient when the fine-tuned mechanical force and proper
micromotion are applied. To mimick this micromotion at the fracture gap, a near-infrared-II …

Many central nervous system diseases are closely related to nerve damage caused by
dysregulation of the endogenous neurotransmitter glutamate. Exosomes derived from bone …

Skeletal diseases impose a considerable burden on society. The clinical and tissue-
engineering therapies applied to alleviate such diseases frequently result in complications …