Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of
melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with …

Importance PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand 1) immunohistochemistry (IHC), tumor
mutational burden (TMB), gene expression profiling (GEP), and multiplex …

Neoantigens arise from mutations in cancer cells and are important targets of T cell-
mediated anti-tumor immunity. Here, we report the first open-label, phase Ib clinical trial of a …

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the standard of care for first-line treatment of
patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, yet optimised treatment of patients whose …

PURPOSE Effective treatment options are limited for patients with advanced (metastatic or
unresectable) melanoma who progress after immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted …

Over the past few years, the NCCN Guidelines for Melanoma: Cutaneous have been
expanded to include pathways for treatment of microscopic satellitosis (added in v2. 2020) …

ECOG performance status (PS) is a pivotal prognostic factor in a wide number of solid
tumors. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the role of ECOG PS in terms of survival in …

Importance Programmed cell death (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)
inhibitors have been increasingly used in cancer therapy. Understanding the treatment …

The European annual incidence of malignant melanoma varies from 3–5/100 000 in
Mediterranean countries to 12–35/100 000 in Nordic countries, whereas it can reach over …

T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) is an inhibitory receptor expressed
on several types of lymphocytes. Efficacy of antibody blockade of TIGIT in cancer …